What is Zero Trust?

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What is Zero Trust?

Zero Trust is a security approach based on the principle:

“Never trust, always verify.”

Core Idea of Zero Trust:

Unlike traditional networks that assume everything inside the network is trustworthy, Zero Trust assumes no user, device, or system should ever be trusted by default – even if it's inside the corporate network.

 

Key Principles of Zero Trust:

  1. Verify every user and device:

    • Strong authentication (e.g., multi-factor authentication – MFA)

    • Authorization based on identity and context (e.g., location, device type, time...)

  2. Least privilege access:

    • Users get only the access they absolutely need.

    • Permissions are dynamically assigned and regularly reviewed.

  3. Network microsegmentation:

    • The network is divided into smaller isolated zones.

    • Communication between zones is tightly controlled.

  4. Continuous monitoring and verification:

    • User and device behavior is constantly monitored.

    • Any anomalies are quickly detected and addressed.

  5. Assume breach:

    • Zero Trust works with the assumption that a breach might already have happened.

    • The goal is to minimize the damage and prevent lateral movement within the system.

 

Why is Zero Trust important?

  • Rapid cloud adoption and hybrid work models have changed how companies operate.

  • The traditional concept of a "secure perimeter" no longer applies.

  • Modern threats (ransomware, insider threats, phishing, etc.) require a more dynamic and adaptive security model.

 

Example in practice:

Instead of giving an employee broad access just because they logged into the corporate network, Zero Trust ensures that:

  • The user must strongly authenticate (e.g., password + mobile app).

  • They only get access to the apps and data they need for their role.

  • If they connect from an unknown device or unusual location, the system may require extra verification or block access altogether.